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Engine principles — Engineering, Mashit 30

17 questions on engine principles, from the Engineering exam of Mashit 30. Internal combustion, compression ignition, strokes and pressure charging. Every question is shown with its correct answer, as in the official question pool.

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Questions on Engine principles

  1. What is the function of the scavenge blower in a two-stroke diesel engine? To supply "fresh" air under pressure to the cylinder, to clear out the exhaust gases and for combustion.
  2. What closes the inlet ports in a two-stroke petrol engine? The piston.
  3. What is the main characteristic of a diesel engine? An internal-combustion engine with compression ignition.
  4. What is the order of the strokes in a 4-stroke diesel engine? Intake, compression, power, exhaust.
  5. How is the fuel ignited in a diesel engine? By the heat produced by compressing the air.
  6. What does the piston compress in a diesel engine? Air only.
  7. What is the main function of the scavenge blower in a 2-stroke diesel engine? To force fresh air into the cylinder, in place of the intake stroke of a 4-stroke engine.
  8. What is the function of the turbocharger in a 4-stroke diesel engine? To increase the engine's power output.
  9. The inlet ports in a two-stroke petrol engine are closed by: The piston.
  10. What happens during the compression stroke of a diesel engine? The pressure and temperature of the air rise.
  11. What is the fundamental difference between a petrol engine and a diesel engine? All of the above.
  12. How does the fuel ignite in a diesel engine? It ignites on contact with the compressed air and the heat in the cylinder.
  13. What does "supercharging" (turbocharging) mean? Getting a greater weight (mass) of air into a cylinder of a given volume.
  14. In a two-stroke petrol engine, which part closes the air inlet ports? The piston.
  15. What ignites the fuel in the combustion chamber of a diesel engine? The very hot air compressed in the cylinder.
  16. What ignites the fuel in a two-stroke petrol engine? An electric spark plug.
  17. What is the operating principle of a petrol engine? Internal combustion and spark ignition.

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